Grammaticalization and reanalysis in african languages pdf merge

Two steps in the evolution of language elly van gelderen 6 september 2006 grammaticalization is an easily observable process in the history of languages and has therefore frequently been seen as involved in the evolution of language from its earliest stage to the present. This dissertation offers a grammatical description and analysis of manda n. She is currently a researcher at the linguistics department of the royal museum of central africa in tervuren belgium, where she is involved in a project on grammaticalization and intersubjectification. Variation, lexicalization and grammaticalization in signed. Grammaticalization theory and data sylvie hancil, ekkehard konig since the 1980s theories and studies of grammaticalization have provided a major source of inspiration for the description and explanation of language change, giving rise to many publications and conferences. The changes examined all show a tendency towards heads and headchecking but execute this in slightly different ways. The lexicalizationgrammaticalizationpragmaticalization. Full text views reflects the number of pdf downloads, pdfs sent to. It can be conceived of as a formulaic token which is an argument in favor of lexicalization.

The study focuses on the wider tam domain,n how tense, aspect, mood but also modality and. This may have consequences for what is available as a source for grammaticalization in these languages. Between the third and sixth centuries, present tense habwas cliticized in postverbal position, i. The role of the metaphorically spatial in the development of where comp is also consistent with a process of grammaticalization particularly with a proposal cited by hopper and traugott 2003. Grammaticalization and reanalysis in african languages. In sranan the word taki, derived from english talk, is used as a complementizer. Grammaticalization of a linguistic sign is a process in which it loses in autonomy by. They saw grammaticalization as an important tool for describing the workings of languages and their universal aspects and it provided an. Grammaticalization 27 w verb form of the verb habthat was free in other contexts to appear in a variety of positions, including before the non nite verb. The claim that there are two types of grammaticalization that take place at two different diachronic stages is known since kurylowiczs 1965 distinction between the development from a lexical to a grammatical and another development from a less grammatical to a more grammatical status. With respect to research on grammaticalization, languages in these areas are. In addition, innovations introduce new specifiers, and prescriptive rules. Grammaticalization paths of have in english peter lang, frankfurt am. Drawing evidence from western languages, researchers have uncovered a number of characteristics of the process of grammaticalization and lexicalization, as well as the relationship between the two.

Another important work was heine and rehs grammaticalization and reanalysis in african languages 1984. From cognition to grammarevidence from african languages. Apr 29, 2016 cases of contactinduced grammaticalization in centraleuropean languages are described in such works as hansen 2005 on modal systems. Mar, 2019 reanalysis plural reanalyses a second or subsequent analysis. Towards a computational model of grammaticalization and. Grammaticalization in second language acquisition volume 14 issue 3 norbert dittmar. Pdf grammar and grammaticalization in manda an analysis.

Grammaticalization in the morphosyntactic study of meiteilon grammaticalization of the verb. In both developments, abstract grammatical meanings are. The discourse marker i think has been subsumed under lexicalization, grammaticalization and pragmaticalization. A comparative grammar of the south african bantu languages. The postdeterminer construction is the result of reanalysis of the binominal construction denison 2002. Cases of contactinduced grammaticalization in centraleuropean languages are described in such works as hansen 2005 on modal systems. Grammaticalization in second language acquisition volume 14 issue 3 norbert dittmar skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Drawing on examples from a wide range of languages, they construct a general account of grammaticalization with implications for linguistic theory and language acquisition. Delancy 1985 notes that this is a cyclic process, the directive categories being. African languages well as they grow up, and come to linguistics later, during their university studies. Introduction in its broadest sense, grammaticalization, also known as grammaticization, is the process by which grammar is created cro 2006. University of southern california department of linguistics. Languages ics will be held as a part of the international conference, grammaticalization and lexicalization in slavic languages.

But there is no uptodate, reasonably comprehensive, basic introduction to african languages in english. In the nal stage of grammaticalization frequently cooccurring words merge by means of phonological fusion bybee, 2003. Newest trends in the study of grammaticalization and. The area where the grammaticalization of roata and a.

The study of grammaticalization raises a number of fundamental theoretical issues pertaining to the relation of langue and parole, creativity and automatic coding, synchrony and diachrony, categoriality and continua, typological characteristics and languagespecific forms, etc. Chinese chapter 65 by chappell and peyraube, korean chapter 63 by rhee, and japanese chapter 64 by narrog and ohori. The topic of the grammatical commissions session is the interrelationship between grammar and vocabulary in slavic languages. The development of english each other grammaticalization. Broadly defined as the adoption of words into the lexicon, it has been viewed by some as the reverse process of grammaticalization, by others as a routine process of word formation, and by others as the develop. Research on grammaticalization and its role in linguistic change encompasses work on languages from every major linguistic family. Lexicalization and language change lexicalization, a process of language change, has been conceptualized in a variety of ways.

In this book, roberts and roussou articulate the most radical and intriguing analysis of grammaticalisation to emerge within the formalist. It is shown that grammaticalization and first language acquisition frequently involve the same semantic changes. View grammaticalization research papers on academia. The author suggests verifying the grammaticalization degree of different syntactic constructions on the basis of the contexts favoring their reanalysis in terms of prepositions. Reanalysis as a shift from one meaningform to another meaningform has been tightly linked to grammaticalization, although sometimes not without controversy expressed by, e.

Noun classes of the beboid languages, in hyman, larry m. Outside africa, undergraduates learn african languages as adults but while some learn an african language before studying linguistics, for others it is the other way round. In the 1980s and 1990s, grammaticalization research brought forth a number of intriguing proposals concerning the directionality of extension and change between case functions, i. This paper decribes cyclical changes in negative and whconstructions as a change from specifier to head. Germanic languages differed systematically in consonant. This work focussed on african languages synchronically from the point of view of grammaticalization. Grammaticalization is part of a physical theory of language and so it is part of our theory as well as it describes the evolution and emergences of several features in language. The oxford handbook of grammaticalization heiko narrog. In other words, research on grammaticalization more than anyother phenomenon hasled researchers to a usagebased approach to grammar. Grammaticalization is the study of emergent features changes in construction to be understood as structural or organizational that we categorize as grammatical. Beyond these procedural factors, the essence of grammaticalization is defined here by lehmann and others as follows.

Introduction it is a truth widely acknowledged that developments in bilingual individuals parallel, and ultimately underlie, those taking place in the course of contactinduced. Grammaticalization in second language acquisition studies. Grammaticalization and lexicalization have been two major issues in the study of diachronic change in the past few decades. It accounts for this change through an economy principle that says if possible, be a head. Its results offer valuable insights for all theoretical frameworks, including generative, construction, and cognitive grammar, and relates to work in fields such as phonology, sociolinguistics, and language acquisition. Grammaticalization and lexicalization in slavic languages.

Grammaticalization paths of have in english peter lang, frankfurt am main grammaticalization of adverbial. A comparative grammar of the south african bantu languages comprising those of zanzibar, mozambique, the zambesi, kafirland, benguela, angola, the congo, the ogowe, the cameroons, the lake region, etc. The notion of substrate language had not been hitherto unknown, but it was. The term is thought to have originated with meillet w958, but rst. Necessary conditions for the process of reanalysis obviously are the adjacency to a np and the syntactic. The type noun is demoted from head status, and the string sortkind of forms together with the primary determiner a complex determiner, as in 2, in which this reanalysis is overtly reflected by the lack of concord between these and kind. Theoretical contexts for the study of lexicalization and. Pragmaticalization defined as grammaticalization of. Haspelmath, 1998, and sometimes even rejected on account of it commonly creating misunderstanding see heine, 2003. This paper reports on a corpus investigation of mainland scandinavian expressions meaning i think and the lexicalizationgrammaticalizationpragmaticalization interface.

In the extreme case of language contact represented by creole languages, some have questioned whether grammaticalization takes place at all in such cases. Grammaticalization studies have traditionally focused on european languages, and to a lesser extent also on languages of eastern asia, i. This blueprint was inherited from the substrate languages and applied to the word forms of the lexifier language. It can be conceived of as a formulaic token which is an argument in favor.